Falls and fall-related injuries, such as
fractures, are a growing problem among older adults, often causing
longstanding pain, functional impairments, reduced quality of life and
excess health-care costs and mortality. These problems have led to a
variety of single component or multicomponent intervention strategies to
prevent falls and subsequent injuries.
The most effective physical
therapy approach for the prevention of falls and fractures in
community-dwelling older adults is regular multicomponent exercise; a
combination of balance and strength training has shown the most success.
Home-hazard assessment and modification, as well as assistive devices,
such as canes and walkers, might be useful for older people at a high
risk of falls.
Hip protectors are effective in nursing home residents
and potentially among other high-risk individuals.
In addition, use of
anti-slip shoe
devices in icy conditions seems beneficial for older people walking
outdoors. To be effective, multifactorial preventive programs should
include an exercise component accompanied by individually tailored
measures focused on high-risk populations.
In this Review, we focus on
evidence-based physical therapy approaches, including exercise,
vibration training and improvements of safety at home and during periods
of mobility.
Additionally, the benefits of multifaceted interventions,
which include risk factor assessment, dietary supplements, elements of
physical therapy and exercise, are addressed.
Quelle: http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v6/n7/abs/nrendo.2010.70.html#top
Full Text / pdf / online im internet - Zugirff vom 07.10.2012:
http://www.ukkinstituutti.fi/filebank/534-karinkantanaturerevendocrinol.pdf
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